Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Java brings numerous advantages:

Modularity and Reusability: OOP breaks down complex systems into smaller, manageable components (objects). These objects can be reused across different parts of a program or in entirely separate projects, enhancing code reusability.

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Encapsulation: Encapsulation bundles data (attributes) and methods (behavior) within an object, restricting direct access to data. This maintains data integrity and protects it from unauthorized modification.

Abstraction: Abstraction focuses on essential characteristics while hiding unnecessary details. Developers can work with objects at a higher level without needing to understand their internal workings, reducing complexity.

Inheritance: Inheritance allows a class to inherit attributes and behavior from another class, facilitating code reuse. It also supports the creation of specialized classes that extend or modify the behavior of existing ones.

Polymorphism: Polymorphism enables objects to take on multiple forms. This allows for the same method to behave differently based on the object it operates on, enhancing flexibility and extensibility.

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Flexibility and Maintainability: OOP promotes structured and organized code, making it easier to understand and modify. When requirements change, OOP makes it more straightforward to adapt and extend existing code, reducing the risk of introducing bugs.

Overall, OOP in Java provides a powerful framework for building scalable, maintainable, and robust software systems, making it a widely used paradigm in modern software development.
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